Chopper drive circuits Chopper drive circuits are also referred to as constant current drives because they generate a somewhat constant current in each winding rather than applying a constant voltage. On each new step, a very high voltage is applied to the winding initially. This causes the current in the winding to rise quickly since [...]

The Light Emitting Diode (LED), finds its place in many applications in this modern electronic fields. One of them is the Seven Segment Display. Seven-segment displays contains the arrangement of the LEDs in “Eight” (8) passion, and a Dot (.) with a common electrode, lead (Anode or Cathode). The purpose of arranging it in that [...]

Applications: In monitoring & controlling of power systems such as Transformers, Generators, Motors etc. To analyze the performance of electrical machines. Can be used as a safety device to protect machines from over loading, excessive voltage etc. To make the power distribution system efficient. Recording device/Line parameters. Introduction This unit is used to protect heavy [...]

The Light Emitting Diode (LED), finds its place in many applications in this modern electronic fields. One of them is the Seven Segment Display. Seven-segment displays contains the arrangement of the LEDs in “Eight” (8) passion, and a Dot (.) with a common electrode, lead (Anode or Cathode).

There are four ports P0, P1, P2  and  P3 each  use  8 pins,  making  them 8-bit  ports. All the ports upon  RESET are configured as output, ready to be used as output ports. To use any of these ports as an input port, it must be programmed. Pin configuration of 8051/8031 microcontroller. Port 0: Port [...]

The instruction set is divided in to 5 categories. They are as follows: Arithmetic instructions Logic instructions. Data transfer instructions. Boolean variable manipulation instruction. Program and machine control instruction. We have listed all the instructions of  microcontroller with description, Bytes, Cycle. Each instructions are explained in the next pages one by one. All instructions are [...]

LCD pin descriptions: The LCD discussed in this section has 14 pins. The function of each pin is given in table. Vcc, Vss, and VEE: While Vcc and Vss  provide  +5V and ground, respectively, VEE  is used for controlling LCD contrast. RS – register select: There are two very important registers inside the LCD. The [...]

This project is actually an educational kit. One can study the full operation of unipolar type stepper motor using this board. As it is micro controller based it can be programmable also and one can learn micro controller interfacing with LEDs, key board and stepper motor. Thus single board serves the purpose of learning stepper [...]